![]() ![]() “Why is this person the right person to give the speech?” Just be sure to read the prompt carefully to determine what the person’s credentials were at the time of the speech. Knowing this can help you situate the issue in a broader context. In some cases, such as the 2022 prompt, the speaker might have more recent accomplishments that they did not have at the time of the speech. ![]() “Then President” means the person was president at the time of the speech. “Former President” means the person was not president at the time of the speech but had been president earlier. This could be a title, such as Queen, President, Secretary of State, etc. The prompt will likely include the speaker’s credentials. Calling him Adams too would likely be confusing. Since John Quincy was a child, for that essay, it’s okay to refer to him as John Quincy. ![]() If the passage somehow deals with two people with the same last name, such as the Abigail Adams passage, you can refer to the speaker by their last name and refer to the other person by their first name. Doing so implies you know the person closely. After that, you can refer to the speaker by their last name.ĭon’t refer to the speaker by their first name. When first mentioning the speaker, I recommend including their full name. Also be mindful of the pronouns in the prompt. Spelling mistakes happen, but try to write the person’s name correctly. In the prompt, you’ll be provided with the speaker’s full name and relevant credentials. The prompt might also note that it is the introduction or conclusion of the passage, which is also good to know. Sometimes the prompt will note that the passage is an excerpt, meaning it isn’t the complete speech–some speeches are over 20 minutes long, but passages on the exam are approximately 600-800 words. Regardless of the type of passage, each passage has a rhetorical situation. In recent years, the passage has been a speech or a letter, but it could also be an article or an excerpt of a nonfiction text. On the AP ® Lang exam, you’ll be asked to analyze a nonfiction passage. But, I’ll break it down for you in more detail below. But now that you know what SPACE means, the question becomes “how do I incorporate SPACE into my rhetorical analysis essay?”īefore the 2020 exam, my students asked me to make a handout with “all those SPACECAT questions I asked in class.” You can access that handout here. These are good annotation habits, but they are just the beginning.Īsking “what is SPACECAT?” is the first step. Or, they might label the components in the prompt, such as by writing an “S” above the speaker’s name. Many students will write SPACE on their papers and jot down a couple notes. These components of the passage are typically present in the prompt, and students often deepen their knowledge of these components as they read the passage. It’s a useful mnemonic for rhetorical analysis essays, one of the three essays on the AP ® Lang exam. The “space” part of SPACE CAT refers to the rhetorical situation: speaker, purpose, audience, context, and exigence. I made a TikTok recently in which I mentioned SPACE CAT, and I had several AP ® Lang students in the comments asking, “What is SPACECAT?” ![]()
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